Heterogene nicht-terrestrische Netze: Multi-Orbit-Föderation und hierarchische Topologien

NonTerrestrialNetworks System Architecture

Core architectural topology and protocol interaction of nonterrestrialnetworks.com

Central System: Multi-Orbit Fabric - Layered Routing

Network Nodes

• LEO 600km
• MEO 8000km
• GEO 35786km
• HAPS 20km
• SDN Ground

Architectural Protocol Layers

• User & Terminal Access Layer (3GPP Rel-17/18 NR-NTN & IoT-NTN): Direct communication from smartphones and IoT sensors to satellites
• Space-Borne Radio Access (gNodeB / Transponder) (Regenerative Digital Payloads & Bent-Pipe Transparent Processing): In-orbit demodulation, digital beamforming, and spectrum channelization
• Inter-Satellite Mesh & Space Transport (Optical Inter-Satellite Links (OISL) & 60 GHz V-Band Cross-Links): Autonomous multi-hop laser packet routing in vacuum at the speed of light
• Ground Teleport & Core Cloud Ingress (High-Throughput Q/V-Band Gateways & Optical Ground Stations): Terabit feeder link downlinks connected directly to cloud hyperscalers

Key Metrics: 100 Gbps+ (Optical Cross-Link Bandwidth) | <25 ms (LEO Propagation Latency) | ±50 kHz (Doppler Shift Compensation) | 99.999% (Constellation Transport SLA)